In the absence of the electric field and with laccase, the biodegradation rate of phenol laccase was 81. The phenol biodegradation rate as well as the biomass increased as the inoculum size increased whereas, the lag phase dropped fig. Degradation of phenol occurs as a result of the activity of a large number of microorganisms including bacteria, fungi. Phenol with high rate can be remediated by biofilm developed in sand soil media, the achieved removal of phenol and cod was about 90% and 87% respectively. The effect of coaggregation of the two bacterial strains propioniferaxlike pg02 and comamonas sp. Enhanced phenol biodegradation and aerobic granulation by two. Biodegradation study of nanocomposites of phenol novolac. Adsorption, biodegradation, phenol, pseudomonas pictorum, isotherm and kinetic studies. Phenol is a typical, toxic organic compound that is commonly used in petrochemical. Modeling the role of metabolic intermediates in kinetics of phenol. The growth and phenol biodegradation study was carried. Biodegradation is one of the cheapest methods without any production of hazardous byproducts. However, in spite of the considerable amount of data devoted to biodegradation of phenol in simulated phenol water mixtures, studies focusing on complex mixtures of pollutants, such as. Phenol and its derivatives are hazardous pollutants that are highly toxic even at low concentrations.
Optimization of phenol biodegradation the effects of the inoculum size on the rate of phenol degradation and biomass production were examined for cultures grown in the presence of 100 mg l 1 phenol. The och1 was able to grow and degrade phenol at concentrations of 250 mgl to 1500 mgl. The degradation studies were monitored by the consumption of nadh and it was. Biodegradation of phenol and 4chlorophenol by candida. The residual phenol at equal intervals of 24 h was analyzed by hplc with uv visible detector operating at 270 nm in a c18 column with. A reusable immobilization matrix for the biodegradation of phenol at 5000 mgl. Optimization of phenol biodegradation by a novel 2,3. This study has the results obtained from the biodegradation of phenol by free and immobilized cells of aspergillus sp. Phenol biodegradation by halophilic archaea pdf free download. Phenol degradation by sulfobacillus acidophilus tpy via the meta. Phenol biodegradation by indigenous mixed microbial.
Here the focus is on their use in the biodegradation of phenolic pollutants. Phenol was used as the sole carbon source, and its degradation was studied in batch mode. Aromatic compounds are widely distributed in nature. Effect of different growth conditions on the phenol biodegradation ability 2. Phenol and its derivatives are common water pollutants and include wide variety of organic chemicals.
Phenol is highly toxic and carcinogenic compound and its biodegradation is very important to meet the environmental regulations. However, in spite of the considerable amount of data devoted to biodegradation of phenol in simulated phenolwater mixtures, studies focusing on complex mixtures of pollutants, such as. For more information visit the international biodeterioration and biodegradation society website. Biodegradation of phenol by a novel diatom bd1iitgkinetics. Many aerobic phenol degrading microorganisms have been isolated and the pathways for the aerobic degradation of phenol are now firmly established. Biodegradation kinetics of phenol and catechol using. Screening and characterization of phenol degrading bacterial isolates from the soils and sewage samples of desert regions of rajasthan was performed under batch cultivation. Nanocomposite materials refer to those materials whose reinforcing phase has dimensions on a scale from one to one hundred nanometers. We examined the intimate coupling of visiblelightinduced photocatalysis and biodegradation vpcb for the first time. Aspergillus niger cells for phenol biodegradation is scanty. The bacterial strain was immobilized in alginate beads and its phenol degradation efficiency was observed to increase many fold.
The biodegradation of phenol and its derivatives by microbial cultures has been the focus of research for more than three decades. Biodegradation of phenol by native bacteria isolated from dioxin. Biodegradation kinetics of benzene, toluene, and phenol as. Biodegradation of phenol african journal of biotechnology. Biodegradation of phenol by bacteria strain acinetobacter. Biodegradation of chlorophenol mixtures by pseudomonas putida. Comparative biodegradation analysis of phenol from paper. Accumulation of phenol creates toxicity both for flora and fauna.
Ps3 and bacillus pumilus os1 isolated from contaminated soil. The paper presents the main results obtained from the study of phenol biodegradation process by pure culture of microbacterium terregenes isolated from norm soil collected from oil field. Young biotechnology center for agriculture and the environment, the state university of new jersey, foran hall, cook college, 59 dudley road, rutgersnew brunswick, nj, 089018520. Since phenol is toxic and cause pollution, it must be removed from the environment. This behavior was modeled by employing a constant specific death rate k d 0. In microbial degradation of phenol under aerobic conditions, the degradation is initiated by oxygenation in which the aromatic ring is initially monohydroxylated by a mono oxygenase phenol hydroxylase. Three types of microorganism isolated from a mixed population of activated sludge adapted to phenol and cyanide decomposition were immobilized. Considering the high potential of this strain for phenol degradation, determining the optimal conditions for the biodegradation and its efficacy at high concentrations of phenol, the findings in this study can be used in the biological treatment of. The optimal conditions for phenol removal were found to be ph of 7 84. Biodegradation of phenol by pleurotus laccase in the. The growth and phenol biodegradation study was carried out in msm broth with phenol as the sole carbon source and energy. Basidiomycota have a high potential for environmental technologies. Various forms of the catalysts enzymes, whole cells and reactors are compared. Biodegradation of phenolic compounds by basidiomycota and its.
International biodeterioration and biodegradation is the official journal of the international biodeterioration and biodegradation society. The grain size of sand has a little effect on phenol biodegradation since the relatively uniform biofilm distribution in the coarse sand compensates the high. The management of wastewater containing high concentrations of phenols represents major economical and environmental challenges to most industries. Biodegradation of phenol by pseudomonas pictorum on. Batch phenol biodegradation experiments were carried out in a 7. The use of microbial catalysts in the biodegradation of organic compounds has advanced significantly during the past three decades. Free phenols are frequently liberated as metabolic intermediates during the degradation of plant. Biodegradation of phenol by microbacterium terregenes.
Jan 02, 2015 the biodegradation of benzene, toluene and phenol in a twophase system. Phenol biodegradation by free and immobilized acinetobacter. The mixed culture was able to completely degrade various concentrations of phenol 1001,000 mg l. Mar 25, 2014 phenol and its derivatives are common water pollutants and include wide variety of organic chemicals. The aerobic degradation of phenol via the metapathway and orthopathway in bacteria. Nbm11 77 brazilian journal of chemical engineering vol. Citescore values are based on citation counts in a given year e. Among these, phenols are considered to be pollutants. If biodegradation is sufficiently slow, phenol in sunlit. Biodegradation of aromatic compounds by microalgae fems.
The biomass growth was analyzed at equal intervals of 24 h by carrying out dry weight analysis. Shake flask tests with geneticallyenhanced microorganisms appeared promising to biodegrade soilbound phenol and cresols. In this study, the nanocomposite biodegradation of the phenol novolac epoxy and the unsaturated polyester resins was investigated using the egg shell nanoparticle as bioceramic as well as starch and glycerin as natural polymers to modify. In mixture experiments, the rate of consumption of one substrate was found to be. A reusable immobilization matrix for the biodegradation of. Modeling for batch phenol biodegradation with immobilized. List of various microorganisms involve in the phenol degradation. Phenol biodegradation by bacterial strain och1 isolated from. In the concentration ranges tested, toluene and benzene biodegradation kinetics were well described by the monod model. For instance, in the biodegradation of phenol, phenol is the primary substrate and must be made available in order to have biomass active in the biodegradation process. Phenol biodegradation rate obviously decreased in the presence of sodium acetate. Pg08 on phenol degradation and aerobic granulation was investigated. Optimization of phenol biodegradation by efficient bacteria.
Phenol poisoning can occur by skin absorption, inhalation, ingestion and various other methods which can result in health effects. They have conducted experiments to determine the kinetics of biodegradation. Pdf biodegradation of phenol by oxygenase producing. Batch experiments were carried out in order to obtain the maximum phenol biodegradation rates by analyzing the influence of the. While pg02 was characterized as a phenoldegrader with a low halfsaturation kinetics constant, pg08 possessed strong aggregation ability with poor phenol degradation ability. Some species of algae are capable of heterotrophic growth on organic carbon sources. Whiterot fungi demonstrate first biodegradation of. One way of investigating the biodegradation of organic pollutants by algae is to encourage the cells to grow in the presence of the pollutant. Biodegradation of phenol by free and immobilized cells of a novel pseudomonas sp. Phenol biodegradation by acinetobacter calcoaceticus pa the phenoldegradation characteristics and biomass of a. Intimate coupling of photocatalysis and biodegradation for. Introduction phenolic resins prs are complex synthetic polymers made from phenol and formaldehyde, and are classified as thermoset resins.
References abdelhaleem d, moawad h, zaki e, zaki s 2002 molecular characterization of phenoldegrading bacteria isolated from different egyptian ecosystems. The results demonstrate that the phenol can induce the degradation of 4 chlorophenol. Biodegradation of phenol using pure and mixed culture bacteria. Jun 16, 2000 in the concentration ranges tested, toluene and benzene biodegradation kinetics were well described by the monod model. Pdf recent advances in the biodegradation of phenol. Global journal of environmental science and management, 2, 3, 2016, 249256. According to rittmann and saez 1993 once active biomass is present, any biotransformation reaction can occur, provide the microorganisms possess enzymes for catalyzing the. Optimization of phenol biodegradation by efficient bacteria isolated from petrochemical effluents.
The biodegradation of benzene, toluene and phenol in a twophase system. Biodegradation plays an important role in the elimination of phenol pollution in the environment, but the information about phenol removal by drinking water biofilters is still lacking. Biodegradation of high amounts of phenol, catechol, 2,4. Degradation kinetics and pathway of phenol by pseudomonas and. Microbial colonies were selected, and the pure colony was obtained after repeated selective culture with phenol. Effect of phenol concentration, ph, incubation temperature and agitation rate the effect of the different substrate concentrations 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 700, 800, 900 and ppm on the phenol degradation by e. Introduction phenol is one of the pollutants in waste water which is highly toxic. Biodegradation of phenols and cyanides using membranes. A mixed microbial culture isolated from wastewater of a refinery was tested for its potential in degrading phenol during its growth phase. Intimate coupling of photocatalysis and biodegradation icpb technology is attractive for phenolic wastewater treatment, but has only been investigated using uv light called upcb. The objective was to explore the use of innovative onsite technologies as an alternative to the transportation and offsite disposal of soil. The apprarent death rate was reduced as the concentrations of phenol or chlorophenols were increased. Pdf phenol and its derivatives are hazardous pollutants that are highly toxic even at low concentrations. The biodegradation data generally fit the intraparticle diffusion rate equation from which biodegradation rate constant, diffusion rate constant were determined.
Whiterot fungi demonstrate first biodegradation of phenolic. Microbial degradation of phenol by an application of pseudomonas. While pg02 was characterized as a phenol degrader with a low halfsaturation kinetics constant, pg08 possessed strong aggregation ability with poor phenol degradation ability. Biodegradation of phenol by native microorganisms isolated. Microorganisms capable of degrading phenol are common and include both aerobes and anaerobes. Therefore, the combination of dc electric field and laccase is likely to create a stable, simple and environmentally friendly biodegradation system. The monod model was also used to characterize phenol biodegradation by p. These studies have been conducted with different microflora, under varied environmental conditions of ph, temperature, in the presence or absence of oxygen, in batch and continuous flow reactors. Abstract phenol, or hydroxybenzene, is both a synthetically and naturally produced aromatic compound. It has been found that large numbers of microbes coexist in almost all natural environments, particularly in soils. Chemical identity, physical and chemical properties of phenol phenol, c 6 h 5 oh or hydroxybenzene, is an aromatic molecule containing hydroxyl group attached to the benzene ring structure. Many aerobic phenoldegrading microorganisms have been isolated and the pathways for the aerobic degradation of phenol are now firmly established.
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